Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism Influence on Chinese Culture

Confucianism, Taoism, and Buddhism constitute the essence of the traditional Chinese culture. The relationship among the three has been marked by both contention and complementation in history, with Confucianism playing a more dominant role. Confucius (Kongzi, 551-479 B.C.), the founder of Confucianism, stresses Ren (benevolence, love) and Li (rites), referring to respect for the system of social hierarchy. He attaches importance to education and was a pioneering advocate for private schools. He is particularly famous for teaching students according to their intellectual inclinations. His teachings were later recorded by his students in The Analects. Mencius also contributed a great part to Confucianism, lived in the Warring States Period (389-305 B.C.), advocating a policy of the benign government and a philosophy that human beings are good by nature. Confucianism became the orthodox ideology in feudal China and, in the long course of history, it drew on Taoism and Buddhism. By the 12th century, Confucianism had evolved into a rigid philosophy that calls for preserving heavenly laws and repressing human desires.​ Taoism was created by Lao Zi (around the sixth century B.C.), whose masterpiece is The Classic of the Virtue of the Tao. He believes the dialectical philosophy of inaction. Chairman Mao Zedong once quoted Lao Zi: Fortune lies in misfortune and vice versa. Zhuang Zhou, the main advocate of Taoism during the Warring States period, founded a relativism calling for the absolute freedom of the subjective mind. Taoism has greatly influenced Chinese thinkers, writers, and artists. Buddhism was created by Sakyamuni in India around the 6th century B.C. Believing that human life is miserable and spiritual emancipation is the highest goal to seek. It was introduced into China through Central Asia around the time Christ was born. After a few centuries of assimilation, Buddhism evolved into many sects in the Sui and Tang Dynasties and became localized. That was also a process when the ingenious culture of Confucianism and Taoism were blended with Buddhism. Chinese Buddhism has played a very important role in traditional ideology and art.

Computer Crimes And Computer Crime - 1066 Words

computer crimes oc/wcc Introduction Ever since computers and networks were invented there have been hackers and computer crimes have grown with the advancement of technology. As with the advancement of technology and computer crimes there have been many types of computer crimes that have evolved with technology. There have been laws in place to help reduce and regulate computers and computer crimes. History of computer crimes Computers and networks became increasingly known and used in the 1990s. Hackers back then were more interested in attaining information about different systems. Hacking became almost like a competition, hackers would compete to win the title of the best hacker. Hacking was not seen as a big problem, it was†¦show more content†¦Theft is when someone violates copyrights and illegally downloads movies, games, software, and music. Cyber stalking is another form of computer crime. Cyber stalking is where someone is stalking someone online through online messaging, emails, and social networks. The cyber stalkers usually known their victims, but if they feel that internet stalking isn t enough they begin stalking the person in real life. Another form of computer crime is identity theft. An identity thief steals information about a person s bank account, credit cards, debit cards, and other private information to steal the persons money and buy things online or even sell the informa tion to other criminals. Malicious software is another type of computer crime. Malicious software is internet based software or programs that are used to get into a system and steal sensitive information or they use it to cause damage to the system. The last type of computer crime is child pornography. Criminals try to make money off of minors by using chat rooms and websites for the purpose of producing child pornography. Categories of computer crimes There are many types of computer crimes some worse than others as we have types of computer crimes there are also categories of computer crimes. There are three categories for computer crimes and each category uses different methods in dealing with computer criminals. The three categories of computer crime is individual, property, and government. The

The Pacific Legend-Maui Free Essays

Introduction The gods played an important part in the daily lives of Polynesian in early pacific islands. Perhaps the most deeply loved of Polynesian god is Maui. Although the legend of demi-god Maui is always be descript as the mischief maker or trickster god, but the Maui story probably has a larger number of unique and ancient myths than that of any other legendary character in the mythology of any nation. We will write a custom essay sample on The Pacific Legend-Maui or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"There are three centers for these Maui legends, New Zealand in the south, Hawaii in the north, and the Tahitian group including the Hervey Islands in the east. (â€Å"LEGENDS OF MAUI† 2007) Following are versions of summary â€Å"THE GIANT EEL† told on the island of Maui, Hawaii. Summary of â€Å"The Giant eel† (from the book of â€Å"Maui Mischievous Hero† 1969) As Maui had grown to manhood, his mother went for a lengthy stay on the island of Hawaii. Maui began making the long trip to see his grandmother in Haleakala. Besides, there are always had good things to eat! Plenty of bananas, breadfruit, coconuts, poi, and fish of all kinds. Grandma said â€Å"what are grandmothers for, if not to look out for grandchildren who come to see them? † One day a cloud hung suspended in the air like a misty pillar. Like an omen that frightened him. Grandmother said â€Å"It’s a cry for help, be quick, Maui! That is the Ao-‘opua, the Warning Cloud. Your mother is in danger! † He grabbed the magic axe ran so fast that he couldn’t stop, he reached the ocean and jumped into his canoe, paddle across the channel to save his mother. At last, he arrived his mother’s cave. He saw his mother’s enemy, the giant eel Kuna Loa. Kuna Loa had once asked Maui’s mother to marry him, and when she refused he was so angry that he swore he would get even with her. Maui throw the hot lava rocks into the river tried to scare the giant eel Kuna Loa away. When he made his way back to the cave, he expressed the missing affection to his mother, and hope his mother can come back with him. However as grandmother said â€Å"Maui’s mother is a roving soul† As the result Maui’s mother refused to go back with Maui. Back on Maui own island, he heard a faint wailing sound that uttering a chant of fear, Maui’s mother is in trouble again. As swiftly as before, he journeyed to Hawaii Island again. This time Maui wasted no time he used the magical axe struck again and again, the giant eel was cut thousand pieces. It is said that these bits where they became the eels that are found in it today. Come, Mother† Maui held her still and asked again,† when are you coming home, where I can take proper care of you? † â€Å"Some day, â€Å"she said lightly. â€Å"some day I’ll come. † Conclusion â€Å"There are many Maui legends appear with variations throughout of the Pacific islands. The detail s of the stories also vary with different cultures but the underlying morals and role model remains much the same† (Dean Web1). In the legend of â€Å"The Giant Eel† its shows the Maui’s mixture of human and godlike qualities. The affection between his mother and his grandmother, reflected the family relationship in nowadays tribal society. The parents are the â€Å"roving soul† trying to find a good job and leaving the hometown, and the grandparents are the next kin to taking care of their young children without doubt. As well the channel as the barrier that become generation gap in the family. At last, the giant eel symbolized temptations of modern society which are danger but cannot be avoided. However, every time an omen or sound of chant comes, Maui will be a hero to save his mother but every time his mother also refused to come back and offered an unachievable promise that seems to comfort Maui. Therefore, in the end of story as godlike as Maui only can be desperately watching his mother as she went back toward her cave and helpless. Legends of Maui have been told and retold for so many centuries, and I believed the legends will reminiscence and encourage in very ways for the later generation. Also help us understand people who lived long ago. References: 1. W. D. Westervelt (2009) â€Å"Legends of Maui†, a Demi-God of Polynesia. Preface. 2. 9-11 2. Lyons, Barbara. (1969) â€Å"Maui :mischievous hero†. The Giant EEL. 25. summary. 3. Dean, n. d. Web. â€Å"Legends of Maui. † Review. Web log post. Legends of Maui. . How to cite The Pacific Legend-Maui, Essay examples